Chapter 3

Vocab Terms:

• Libel-a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation
• Free Rider Problem-a situation where some individuals in a population either consume more than their fair share of the cost of a common resource
• Slander-the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation
• Single Issue Group-a form litmus test: abortion, taxation, animal rights, enviroments, and gun policies. A group with only one specific intereist
• Prior Restraint-judicial suppression of material that would be published or broad coasted, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful
• Electionee Ring-take part actively and energetically in the activies of an election campagn
• Yellow Journalsim-journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration
• Political Action Committee(PAC)-a type of orginazation that pools campaign controlbutions from members and donates those funds to camplaign for or against candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation
• Pundits-an expert in a particular subject or field who id frequently called on togive opinions about it to the public
• Lobbyist-someone hired by a business or a cause to persuade legislators to support that business or cause
• Talking Heads-the image of a person, usually with only the head and upper body visabue, talking to the camera, as in a documentary, news show, or similar work
• Lobbying-seeking to influence an issue
• Watchdogs-matain surveillance over(a person, activity, or situation)
• Corportatist-the sociopolitical organization of a society by major interest groups, or coporate groups(argricultural, ethic, military, the basis of common intereists)
• Trial Balloons-a tentative mesure taken or statement made to see how a new policy will be recieved
• Union Shop-a place of work where employers may hire nonunion workers who must join a labor union with in an agreed time
• Press Conference-an interview given to journalists by a prominent person in order to make an announcement or answer questons
• Federal Election Commission(FEC)-an independent regalatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the US Congress to regulate campaign finance legislation in the US
• Mass Media-the media
• Linkage Instutions-a structure with in society that connects the people to the government or centarlized authority(electons, political parties, interest groups, and media)
• Federal Communications Commission(FCC)-an independent US Government regulatory agency responsable for overseeing all interstate and international communications
• Iron Triangle-a unique relatonship beween the bureaueracy, congressmem, and lobbyist that result in the mutual benefit of all three of them
• Alien and Sudition Acts(1789)-a sieres of laws, passed during the presidency of John Adams at the end of the eighteenth century, that sought to restrict the public activities of political raticals who sympathesized with the French Revolution and critized Adams's Federalist Politices
• Public Interest Lobby-a political orginization who's goals will principally benefit nonmembers
• 24-Hour News Cycle-24-hour investigaton and reporting of news, concomitant with fast-pased life styles
• Objective Journalism-canrefer to fairness, disinterestedness, facutality, and nonpartasanship but most ofter encompasses all of these qualities
• Sound Bites-a short extract from a recorded interview, chosen for its pungency ro appropriteness
• Right to Work Laws-prohibits union security agreements, or ogreenments between labor unions and employers, that govern the extent to which an established union can require employees' membership, payment of union dues, or fees as a condition of employment